急性冠脉综合征患者ApoE基因多态性临床分布特征及与血脂水平的相关性研究

A Clinical Distribution Feature and Correlation Study of ApoE Gene Polymorphism in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome and Its Relationship with Lipid Levels

摘要: 目的：分析急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者ApoE基因多态性的临床分布特征及与血脂的关系。方式：入选2023年4月~2024年3月在空军军医大学唐都医院住院的ACS患者共134例，采用PCR-芯片杂交法进行ApoE基因多态性检测，同时检测总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL)水平。结果：所有纳入的ACS患者其ApoE基因型在不同性别组间的分布差异无统计学意义(X² = 5.0，P = 0.42)；所有纳入的ACS患者其ApoE表现型在不同性别组间的分布差异无统计学意义(X² = 1.46，P = 0.48)。ACS患者其ApoE基因多态性在各年龄组间的分布差异无统计学意义(X² = 15.68，P = 0.11；X² = 8.06，P = 0.09)。不同ApoE基因型的ACS患者在总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL)浓度水平上的差异均具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。结论：ACS患者ApoE基因呈多态性分布，其多态性分布与性别、年龄无关。ACS患者ApoE基因型和表现型与个体血脂水平存在差异性，临床上可据此制定个体化降脂方案，选择合适的降脂药物。

Abstract: Objective: analyze the clinical distribution characteristics of ApoE gene polymorphism in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and its relationship with blood lipid. Methods: A total of 134 patients with ACS who were hospitalized in Tangdu Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University from April 2023 to March 2024 were selected and ApoE gene polymorphism was detected by PCR-chip hybridization. The levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) were also measured. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the distribution of ApoE genotypes in all the included ACS patients between different sex groups (X² = 5.0, P = 0.42). There was no statistically significant difference in the distribution of ApoE phenotypes among all the included ACS patients between different sex groups (X² = 1.46, P = 0.48). There was no significant difference in the distribution of ApoE gene polymorphism in ACS patients among different age groups (X² = 15.68, P = 0.11; X² = 8.06, P = 0.09). The concentration levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) in ACS patients with different ApoE genotypes were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: ApoE gene shows polymorphic distribution in ACS patients, and its polymorphic distribution is not related to gender and age. There are differences in ApoE genotypes and phenotypes and individual blood lipid levels in ACS patients. Clinically, individualized lipid-lowering regimens and appropriate lipid-lowering drugs can be formulated accordingly.