近20年雷州半岛海岸风沙地貌发育演化特征分析

Analysison the Development and Evolution Characteristics of Coastal Aeolian Sand Geomorphology in Leizhou Peninsula in Recent 20 Years

摘要: 以雷州半岛的风沙地貌为研究对象，为了把握雷州半岛海岸风沙地貌在2001~2021年20年间的变化特征和规律，选取了2003年、2017年、2020年和2021年4期遥感影像，借助遥感和GIS等手段分析了雷州半岛及其周边岛屿的海岸线变化的速率及其趋势，并尝试分析变化的原因。研究结果表明：2003年至2021年雷州半岛海岸带的观察和研究(除硇洲岛外)，发现雷州半岛大陆部分、东海岛和南三岛的海岸线整体呈现先向海推进，再向陆推进的趋势，其海滩面积呈先增后减少的趋势；雷州半岛大陆不同段落的海岸线变化具有明显差异，硇洲岛海岸线变化则主要表现为向陆推进，再向海快速推进趋势，其海滩面积呈先减少后增加的趋势。

Abstract: Taking the aeolian sand landform of Leizhou Peninsula as the research object, in order to grasp the change characteristics and rules of the aeolian sand landform of the coast of Leizhou Peninsula during the 20 years from 2001 to 2021, four remote sensing images from 2003, 2017, 2020 and 2021 were selected. By means of remote sensing and GIS, this paper analyzes the rate and trend of the coastline change of Leizhou Peninsula and its surrounding islands, and tries to analyze the reasons for the change. The results show that the observation and study of the coastal zone of Leizhou Peninsula from 2003 to 2021 (except Naozhou Island) shows that the coastline of the mainland part of Leizhou Peninsula, Donghai Island and Nansandao as a whole presents a trend of first advancing to the sea, and then advancing to the land, and the beach area of the peninsula shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing; There are obvious differences in the changes of coastlines in different sections of Leizhou Peninsula. The changes of coastlines of Naozhou Island mainly show a rapid trend of landward advance and then seaward advance, and the beach area decreases first and then increases.