老年顽固性气胸的外科治疗及术后管理经验总结

Summary of Surgical Treatment and Postoperative Management Experience of Refractory Pneumothorax in Elderly Patients

摘要: 顽固性气胸在老年患者中较为常见，因其肺部弹性减退及基础肺病等原因，常规治疗效果有限。本文总结了老年顽固性气胸的外科治疗及术后管理经验，探讨了手术适应症和禁忌症，分析了微创胸腔镜手术和开胸手术的优缺点。通过三个病例介绍，展示了胸腔镜下肺大疱切除术及胸膜固定术的实际效果。强调了术后护理在提高治疗效果和患者生活质量中的重要性，提出了未来研究方向，旨在优化治疗方案，减少并发症和复发率，提升老年顽固性气胸患者的预后。

Abstract: Refractory pneumothorax is commonly seen in elderly patients, due to reduced lung elasticity and underlying lung diseases, which limit the effectiveness of conventional treatments. This paper summarizes the surgical treatment and postoperative management experience of refractory pneumothorax in elderly patients, discussing the indications and contraindications for surgery. It analyzes the pros and cons of minimally invasive thoracoscopic surgery and open thoracotomy. Through the introduction of three cases, the practical outcomes of thoracoscopic bullectomy and pleurodesis are demonstrated. The importance of postoperative care in improving treatment outcomes and the quality of life of patients is emphasized. Future research directions are proposed to optimize treatment plans, reduce complications and recurrence rates, and improve the prognosis of elderly patients with refractory pneumothorax.