农村留守儿童安全感问卷的编制

Development of a Questionnaire on the Sense of Security of Children Left Behind in Rural Areas

摘要: 本研究的目的在于编制一个适用于农村留守儿童安全感的问卷，采用访谈法以及问卷法，根据安全感相关的理论，并充分结合农村留守儿童身心发展特点以及生活学习状况初步编制了110个题项的农村留守儿童安全感初测问卷。以4~9年级的农村留守儿童为被试进行施测，对回收的1406份问卷进行探索性因素分析、验证性因素分析后得到43个题项组成的农村留守儿童安全感问卷，问卷由情绪安全感、人际安全感、自我安全感、学业安全感以及生活安全感五个维度构成，其中36个题项采用反向计分的方式，得分越高表示安全感水平越高，反之，得分越低表示安全感水平越低。农村留守儿童安全感问卷的内部一致性系数为0.948，五个维度的内部一致性系数在0.836~0.880之间，各因素之间的相关性在0.351~0.676之间，各因素与总分之间的相关性在0.621~0.864之间，并且该问卷的各项拟合指数都在较好或可以接受的范围之内。问卷可用于农村留守儿童安全感的实证研究。

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to develop a questionnaire applicable to the sense of security of left-behind children in rural areas. Using the interview method and the questionnaire method, based on the theory of the sense of security, and fully combining the physical and mental development characteristics of left-behind children in rural areas as well as their living and learning conditions, we initially developed a preliminary questionnaire on the sense of security of left-behind children in rural areas, consisting of 110 items. The questionnaire was administered to rural left-behind children in grades 4~9, and the recovered 1406 questionnaires were analyzed by exploratory factor analysis and validation factor analysis to obtain a questionnaire of 43 items, which consists of five dimensions, namely, emotional security, interpersonal security, self-security, academic security, and sense of security in life. 36 of the items were scored by reverse scoring, with higher scores indicating a higher level of security. The higher the score, the higher the level of security, and conversely, the lower the score, the lower the level of security. The internal consistency coefficient of the questionnaire for rural left-behind children’s sense of security is 0.948, the internal consistency coefficients of the five dimensions are in the range of 0.836~0.880, the correlation between the factors is in the range of 0.351~0.676, and the correlation between the factors and the total scores is in the range of 0.621~0.864, and the fitting indices of the questionnaire are in the range of good or acceptable. The questionnaire can be used for empirical research on the sense of security of rural left-behind children.