家庭结构变迁对农村老年人生活质量的影响研究

A Study of the Impact of Changes in Family Structure on the Quality of Life of the Elderly in Rural Areas

摘要: 随着我国步入深度老龄化阶段，农村地区老年人口比例不断上升，养老问题面临严峻挑战。本文深刻剖析了家庭结构的小型化、扁平化及多元化趋势对农村老年人生活质量的深远影响。通过多维度透视经济自给能力、生活照料模式、情感支持网络、心理健康状态、社交活动参与及医疗保健获取等方面的细微变迁，本文揭示了这些变化如何相互作用，共同影响农村老年人的生活质量。据此，提出了针对性的策略建议，旨在优化家庭养老功能。同时，通过制度创新、服务优化与社区支持等手段，构建更加适应现代家庭结构变迁的养老服务体系，以全面提升农村老年人的生活满意度与幸福感，促进社会的和谐与可持续发展。

Abstract: As China enters the stage of deep ageing, the proportion of elderly people in rural areas is rising, and the problem of old age is facing serious challenges. This paper deeply analyses the far-reaching impact of the trend of miniaturization, flattening and diversification of family structure on the quality of life of the rural elderly. Through a multi-dimensional perspective on the subtle changes in economic self-sufficiency, caregiving patterns, emotional support networks, mental health status, participation in social activities, and access to healthcare, this paper reveals how these changes interact with each other to affect the quality of life of rural older people. Accordingly, targeted strategic recommendations are put forward, aiming to optimize the family’s function of ageing. At the same time, through institutional innovation, service optimization and community support, we aim to build a pension service system that is better adapted to the changes in the modern family structure, so as to enhance the life satisfaction and happiness of the rural elderly, and to promote the harmonious and sustainable development of the society.