去中心化元宇宙货币系统的法律风险及其规制

The Legal Risk and Regulation of Decentralized Metaverse Currency Systems

摘要: 元宇宙的本质是连接虚拟世界与现实世界的经济体系，而货币体系是其中的关键环节。元宇宙货币体系以区块链为底层支撑技术，其去中心化、匿名性、信用基础薄弱的特点都可能冲击我国金融体系和危及社会稳定的金融风险。具体而言，包括元宇宙货币体系去中心化不完全可能导致的垄断风险、区块链边缘服务脆弱导致的交易风险、本国资本流失导致冲击现有金融体系的风险、以及虚拟货币所产生的信用风险。本文将围绕上述提到的去中心化元宇宙货币体系可能造成的风险，提出应以既要包容审慎、又要以有效监管为原则，指明科技创新与法律监管并非对立面；试图将区块链防伪防篡改机制、法定数字货币等元宇宙中应用到的新兴科技创新与法律监管相结合；并参考国外对虚拟货币监管的法律规定，结合我国监管现状，提出试图提出更适合我国的立法建议和监管措施。

Abstract: The essence of the metaverse is the economic system that connects the virtual world and the real world, and the monetary system is the key link. The currency system of the metaverse is based on blockchain. Its characteristics of decentralization, anonymity and weak credit foundation may lead to the internal risks of the system as well as the financial risks that impact our financial system and endanger social stability. Specifically, these include monopoly risk, which may result from the incomplete decentralization of the monetary system, transaction risk due to the fragility of the peripheral services of the blockchain, the risk of an impact on the existing financial system due to the loss of domestic capital, and credit risk arising from virtual currencies. Based on the above-mentioned risks, this paper points out that scientific and technological innovation and legal supervision are not opposites, and should be both inclusive and effective. This paper tries to combine the new science and technological innovation applied in the universe of blockchain and legal digital currency with legal supervision, and refers to the legal regulation of virtual currency supervision in foreign countries and the current situation of supervision in our country, put forward to try to put forward more suitable our country’s legislative proposal and regulatory measures.