多焦点散光人工晶体应用于高度近视并发性白内障的临床研究

Clinical Study of Multifocal Astigmatism Intraocular Lens in High Myopia Complicated with Cataract

摘要: 目的：观察散光矫正型人工晶状体在治疗高度近视并发性白内障患者合并散光的临床研究。方法：纳入2022年6月至2023年10月接受治疗的高度近视合并散光的白内障患者40例，按患者意愿分为实验组和对照组，每组各20例。所有患者均行常规白内障超声乳化吸除术，实验组植入散光矫正型多焦点人工晶体，对照组植入散光矫正型单焦点人工晶状体。比较评价术后3个月裸眼远视力，裸眼近视力，最佳矫正远视力，散光的变化及患者满意度。结果：两组术前没有统计学差异；术后3个月两组间的裸眼近视力，裸眼远视力具有统计学差异，最佳矫正远视力差异无统计学意义；两组间残余角膜散光比较具有统计学意义；实验组术后视功能评分显著高于对照组。结论：高度近视并发性白内障合并散光的患者植入散光矫正型多焦点人工晶状体能够获得良好的远近视力，并提高患者视远和视近能力与质量、患者满意度较高。

Abstract: Objective: To observe the clinical study of astigmatism-correcting IOLs in the treatment of highly myopic concurrent cataract patients with combined astigmatism. Methods: Forty cataract patients with high myopia combined with astigmatism were included from June 2022 to October 2023, and were divided into the experimental group and the control group according to the patients’ wishes, with 20 cases in each group. All patients underwent conventional cataract aspiration with ultrasonic emulsification, and the experimental group was implanted with astigmatism-corrected multifocal IOLs, while the control group was implanted with astigmatism-corrected monofocal IOLs. The changes of naked eye distance visual acuity, naked eye near visual acuity, best-corrected distance visual acuity, astigmatism and patient satisfaction at 3 months after surgery were compared. Results: There was no significant difference observed between the two groups prior to the surgical procedure. However, at 3 months post-surgery, statistically significant disparities were found in uncorrected near visual acuity and uncorrected distance visual acuity between the two groups. Nevertheless, there was no statistically significant distinction in best corrected distance visual acuity. The disparity in residual corneal astigmatism between the two groups exhibited statistical significance. Furthermore, the experimental group demonstrated a significantly higher postoperative visual function score compared to that of the control group. Conclusion: The implantation of astigmatism-correcting multifocal IOLs in patients with high myopia complicated by cataract and astigmatism can achieve good distance and near visual acuity and improve the patients’ ability to visualize both distance and near, and the patients’ satisfaction is high.