大学生对君子人格和小人人格的认知：来自鼠标追踪的证据

College Students’ Cognition of the Personalities of Junzi and Xiaoren: Evidence from Mouse Tracking

摘要: 在中国文化，特别是儒家学说的精髓中，君子人格被构想为一种至高无上的人格模型，它对于深刻洞察与诠释中国文化的心理结构及价值取向具有重要价值。然而，尽管其概念深远且影响广泛，却鲜有通过实验法对其进行探讨。本研究通过鼠标追踪方法探讨大学生对于君子人格和小人人格的认知过程，旨在为目前开展君子人格教育提供实证支持。本研究采取字词启动鼠标归类范式，发现大学生更倾向于把君子人格特质词与君子人名相联结，把小人人格特质词和小人人名相联结，且小人人名与特质词的联结更紧密。研究揭示了大学生对君子人格与小人人格认知的实时心理加工过程，为如何更有效开展君子人格教育提供了科学依据，同时对促进文化传承与创新、提升社会道德风尚也具有深远意义。

Abstract: In Chinese culture, especially at the core of Confucianism, Junzi personality is conceived as a supreme personality model, which holds significant value in gaining profound insights into and interpreting the psychological structure and value orientation of Chinese culture. However, despite its profound concept and widespread influence, there has been a scarcity of systematic exploration through empirical research methods. This study aims to provide theoretical support for the current education on Junzi personality by employing mouse-tracking methodology to investigate the cognitive processes of college students towards Junzi personality and Xiaoren personality. Adopting the word-priming mouse categorization paradigm, the study found that college students tend to associate words representing noble personality traits more closely with names of noble figures, and words representing Xiaoren personality traits more tightly with names of Xiaoren figures. Furthermore, the associations between Xiaoren personality names and their corresponding trait words were found to be even stronger. This research reveals the real-time psychological processing of college students’ cognition towards Junzi and Xiaoren personalities, providing a scientific basis for more effectively conducting education on Junzi personality. It also holds profound significance in promoting cultural heritage and innovation, as well as enhancing social morality and ethics.