赔礼道歉执行的困境与突围

The Dilemma and Breakthrough of Apology Execution

摘要: 由于赔礼道歉执行案件标的具有特殊性，并且与人身性密切相关，在执行程序中需要采取特殊的执行措施。《民法典》第1000条规定赔礼道歉的替代履行方式，但仍然存在规范上的局限性。从现行法来看，赔礼道歉的执行大体有两种方式，替代执行与间接执行的方式。尽管执行措施种类丰富，但是依然面临以下困境：审判法官无法细化给付内容，执行机关变更执行标的权属不明，间接执行措施无法达到实际效果。选定赔礼道歉执行的路径需要兼顾实体目标和程序价值的实现，因此执行机关需要合理选择执行方式，尊重债权人的程序选择权，适当加重间接执行措施的力度。

Abstract: Due to the particularity of the object of the apology execution case and its close relationship to personal nature, special execution measures need to be taken in the execution procedure. Article 1000 of the Civil Code stipulates the alternative performance method of apology, but there are still normative limitations. According to the current law, there are two ways to execute an apology: replacing the execution or indirect execution. Despite the variety of execution measures, it still faces the following difficulties: the trial judge cannot refine the payment content; the ownership of the executive organ that changes the execution subject is unclear; and the indirect execution measures cannot achieve the actual effect. The selection of the path of apology execution needs to take into account the realization of the entity goal and the procedure value, so the executive agency needs to reasonably choose the execution method, respect the creditor’s procedure option, and appropriately increase the strength of the indirect execution measures.