大陆溪重庆段河流健康评价

River Health Assessment of the Chongqing Section of the Dalu Stream

摘要: 河湖健康评价是加强河湖管理保护的重要基础性工作，是推动河湖长制从“有名有责”到“有能有效”的重要手段。为评估长江一级支流大陆溪(重庆段)水环境水生态现状，进而有针对性地提出治理措施，依据水利部、重庆市相关标准规范及河流特征，本文应用盆、水、生物、社会服务功能4个准则共13项指标的河流健康评价指标体系进行了健康评价。研究结果表明：大陆溪重庆段河流健康状况为“健康”，综合赋分为86.14分，属于二类河流，“盆”准则层赋分为92.00分，“水”准则层赋分为82.67分，生物准则层赋分为86.75分，社会服务功能赋分91.37分；其中岸线“四乱”状况、生态流量满足程度、防洪达标率等指标得分较高；但是水质得分相对较低，未来需进一步提升水质状况。研究结果可为大陆溪水生态修复和河流健康保障提供科学依据。

Abstract: River and lake health assessment is a significant and fundamental work to strengthen the management and protection of rivers and lakes, which is a vital means to promote the river and lake management system from “famous and responsible” to “capable and effective”. To assess the current status of the water environment and ecology of Dalu Stream (Chongqing section), a primary tributary of the Yangtze River, this paper puts forward targeted management measures, based on the Ministry of Water Resources, Chongqing Municipality, the relevant standards and regulations and the characteristics of the river, and constructs a river health evaluation index system with 13 indicators based on four criteria, namely, “basin”, “water”, biology and social service function. The study shows that the river health status of Dalu Stream (Chongqing section) is “healthy”, with a score of 86.14, which belongs to the second category of rivers. The “basin” criterion layer is scored, and the “water” criterion layer is assigned 82. The “basin” criterion layer scored 92, the “water” criterion layer 82.67, the biological criterion layer 86.75, and the social service function 91.37. The indicators such as the “four chaotic” condition of the shoreline, the degree of satisfaction of ecological flow, and the rate of compliance with the flood control standards are scored high. It needs to be further improved in water quality conditions. The results can provide the scientific basis for the restoration of water ecology and river health protection of the Dalu Stream.