我国个人破产中自由财产范围的立法研究

Research on Scope of Free Property in Personal Bankruptcy

摘要: 自由财产制度是个人破产制度中的一项核心制度，设立的初衷是保障债务人及其家庭成员的生存发展权。随着我国经济的不断发展，个人破产事件越来越多，相关制度也应当逐步确立。在探索的过程中，自由财产制度的确立极其重要。结合立法规定和司法实践，正确认识自由财产的含义与功能、合理确定自由财产的范围、谨慎对待自由财产的转换问题、限制债务人自由财产的放弃权是本文研究的重点。在确定自由财产的范围时，要注意平衡债务人和债权人的利益，根据地区发展水平的差异，具体确定各地自由财产价值的限制；对待欺诈意图的自由财产转换，应当予以撤销；对于债务人自由财产的自愿放弃的权利，应当严格进行限制。

Abstract: The free property system is one of the core systems in the personal bankruptcy system, and the original intention of its establishment is to protect the right of survival and development of debtors and their family members. With the continuous development of China’s economy, there are more and more personal bankruptcy incidents, and the relevant system should be gradually established. Combined with legislative provisions and judicial practice, the focus of this paper is to correctly understand the meaning and function of free property, reasonably determine the scope of free property, be cautious about the conversion of free property, and limit the waiver of the debtor’s free property. When determining the scope of free property, attention should be paid to balancing the interests of debtors and creditors, and the limits on the value of free property in various regions should be specifically determined according to the differences in the level of development of each region; The free transfer of property with fraudulent intent shall be revoked; The right of voluntary renunciation of the debtor’s free property should be strictly restricted.