困在时间里的奔跑者——学生超前学习的时间分析

The Runner Trapped in Time—Time Analysis of Students’ Advance Learning

摘要: 超前学习现象在当代社会数见不鲜，其与时间的关系也相当密切。“内卷不停”的培训怪圈，脚踩“风火轮”的分数奴仆等超前学习现象比比皆是。基于时间社会学理论，通过时间道德化、时间商品化以及加速社会化强化了时间规范对主体的宰割从而引起的时间异化三个维度，对超前学习现象进行分析。时间道德的紧密性吞噬学生主体，失去学习动力和热情，“不进则退”的时间道德陷阱引发时间恐慌；商品化的时间固化学生观念，并搅动利益的漩涡；加速社会导致时间异化引发去主体性、去创新性等病变。为此，从重构价值观念，自居“减速慢行”两个方面提出治疗建议，以解决超前学习引发的一系列问题。

Abstract: The phenomenon of advanced learning is not uncommon in contemporary society, and its relationship with time is also quite close. The training cycle of “continuous internal competition” and the phenomenon of advanced learning, such as score slaves stepping on the “wind and fire wheel” are everywhere. Based on the theory of sociology of time, this study analyzes the phenomenon of advanced learning from three dimensions: The moralization of time, the commodification of time, and the accelerated social reinforcement of time norms that lead to the domination of subjects, resulting in time alienation. The tightness of time ethics devours the student subject, loses learning motivation and enthusiasm, and the time ethics trap of “if you don’t advance, you will fall behind” triggers time panic; The commercialization of time solidifies students’ concepts and stirs up the vortex of interests; Accelerating society leads to temporal alienation and triggers diseases such as lack of subjectivity and innovation. Therefore, treatment suggestions are proposed from two aspects: restructuring values and self-proclaimed “slowing down” to solve a series of problems caused by advanced learning.