“排除合理怀疑”证明标准的适用研究

Study on the Application of the Proof Standard “Beyond a Reasonable Doubt”

摘要: 2012年我国新修订的《刑事诉讼法》中引入了英美法系的“排除合理怀疑”概念，将其作为“证据确实、充分”证明标准的主观要件，以期建立主客观相统一的证明标准。此做法有助于弥补传统证明标准抽象化与客观化的缺陷，但如何在中国语境下正确理解与适用“排除合理怀疑”证明标准仍需反思与斟酌。本文立足于司法实践，对“排除合理怀疑”证明标准的内涵、定位进行了探讨，同时发现其在司法运作中的现实困境，在此基础上提出适用建议，以便能正确理解与适用“排除合理怀疑”这一舶来品，使其发挥应有的效能。

Abstract: In 2012, China’s newly revised Criminal Procedure Law introduced the concept of “beyond reasonable doubt” in the common law system as a subjective element of the proof standard of “evidence is reliable and sufficient”, in order to establish a unified standard of proof. This approach helps to make up for the defects of the traditional standard of proof in abstraction and objectification, but how to correctly understand and apply the proof standard “beyond a reasonable doubt” in the Chinese context still needs reflection and consideration. Based on judicial practice, this paper discusses the connotation and positioning of the “beyond a reasonable doubt” proof standard, and finds out its practical difficulties in judicial operation. On this basis, it puts forward some suggestions for application, so as to correctly understand and apply “beyond a reasonable doubt” and make it play its due effectiveness.