新疆阿拉尔市高中低产棉田土壤养分现状分析

Analysis of Soil Nutrient Status of High, Medium, and Low Yielding Cotton Fields in Aral City, Xinjiang, China

摘要: 试验研究了从2019年至2022年阿拉尔高中低产棉田土壤养分现状。结果表明：连续四年，阿拉尔高中低产棉田土壤有机质含量差别不明显，整体呈下降趋势，处于较缺乏水平；高产田土壤碱解氮和有效磷含量均高于中、低产田；从2019年到2021年连续三年高产田土壤速效钾含量高于中产田和低产田，从2021年开始，高中低产棉田土壤速效钾含量处于较高水平；除了2020年，高中低产棉田土壤全盐量差别不明显，从2021年开始土壤盐分整体呈增加趋势，到2022年略有降低；高中低产棉田之间土壤pH值差别不大，均表现为弱碱性。本研究结果为阿拉尔高中低产棉田科学施肥提供理论依据。

Abstract: Experiments were conducted to study the soil nutrient status of high, medium, and low yielding cotton fields in Aral from 2019 to 2022. The results showed that: for four consecutive years, the difference in soil organic matter content among high, medium, and low yielding cotton fields in Aral was not obvious, and the overall decreasing trend was at a more deficient level; the soil alkaline dissolved nitrogen and effective phosphorus content of the high-yielding fields was higher than that of the medium and low yielding fields; the soil quick potash content of the high-yielding fields was higher than that of the medium and low yielding fields for three consecutive years from 2019 to 2021, and the soil quick potash content of the medium and high yielding fields was at a higher level from 2021; except for 2020, the difference in soil total salinity among high, medium, and low yielding cotton fields was not obvious, and the overall trend of soil salinity was increasing from 2021 onwards, and slightly decreasing in 2022; there was not much difference in soil pH among high, medium, and low yielding cotton fields, and all of them showed weak alkalinity. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for scientific fertilization of high, medium, and low yielding cotton fields in Aral.