基于热阻网络法的高速电主轴热特性研究
Simulation of Thermal Characteristics of High-Speed Electric Spindle Based on Thermal Resistance Network Method
摘要: 高速电主轴是精密加工设备的关键组成部分，其热性能对工件的加工精度和质量有重要影响。为了快速预测高速电主轴的温度场，本研究采用热阻网络法建立了某电主轴系统的热力学模型。针对主轴系统的各结构组件，我们精确建立了接触热阻、功率损耗和对流传热的计算模型，并引入PIPE模块作为热网络模型的一部分，实现了流热耦合，更准确地模拟了流体在管道内的流动和热交换过程。随后，我们利用MATLAB软件求解热平衡方程，详细描述了电主轴各关键部件以及冷却水套的温度分布情况。采用了流–热–固耦合仿真结果与之对比，充分展示了本研究开发的热阻网络模型在准确预测温度场分布方面的快速性和精准性。此外，与传统的热阻网络模型相比，其能够快速有效地研究冷却液相关边界条件对主轴系统关键节点温度的影响机理，对工程实践中的设计假设和快速迭代优化具有重要意义。
Abstract: The high-speed electric spindle is a crucial component of precision machining equipment, and its thermal performance has a significant impact on the machining accuracy and quality of workpieces. To rapidly predict the temperature field of the high-speed electric spindle, this study established a thermodynamic model of an electric spindle system using the thermal network method. Precise calculation models were developed for contact thermal resistance, power loss, and convective heat transfer in various structural components of the spindle system. Additionally, the PIPE module was incorporated as part of the thermal network model to achieve fluid-thermal coupling, enabling more accurate simulation of fluid flow and heat exchange within the pipes. Subsequently, MATLAB software was used to solve the heat balance equations, providing detailed temperature distribution profiles for critical components of the electric spindle and the cooling water jacket. The coupled flow-heat-solid simulation results are used for comparison with them, which fully demonstrate the rapidity and accuracy of the thermal resistance network model developed in this study in accurately predicting the temperature field distribution. In addition, compared with the traditional thermal resistance network model, it can quickly and effectively study the influence mechanism of coolant-related boundary conditions on the temperature of key nodes of the spindle system, which is of great significance for the design assumptions and rapid iterative optimization in engineering practice.
文章引用：顾宇杰, 杨宇凌, 陈俏汝, 关欣. 基于热阻网络法的高速电主轴热特性研究[J]. 建模与仿真, 2024, 13(6): 5836-5848. https://doi.org/10.12677/mos.2024.136532

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