地窝堡国际机场一次强降雨天气特征及成因分析

Analysis of the Characteristics and Causes of a Heavy Rainfall at Diwobao International Airport

摘要: 本文利用NCEP 1˚ × 1˚逐6小时再分析资料和微波辐射计资料，对2024年5月26~27日乌鲁木齐地窝堡国际机场强降雨天气特征及成因进行分析，结果表明：(1) 此次强降雨天气是发生在两槽两脊的环流背景下，中层槽前西南气流叠加低层西北急流，产生强烈的垂直上升运动和地形强迫抬升作用，为强降水提供动力条件。(2) 偏西路径的水汽接力输送、整层水汽的高饱和以及较强的水汽辐合，为降水提供水汽条件。(3) 此次强降雨在微波辐射计资料中的相对湿度和液态水含量均有很好的反应，尤其是液态水含量的变化与雨强变化更吻合，微波辐射计的高时空密度的连续监测资料对强降水天气的航空气象预报预警服务有一定的辅助参考作用。

Abstract: This article uses NCEP 1˚ × 1˚ 6-hour reanalysis data and microwave radiometer data to analyze the characteristics and causes of heavy rainfall at Urumqi Diwobao International Airport on May 26~27, 2024. The results indicate that: (1) This heavy rainfall occurred under the background of circulation of two troughs and two ridges. The southwest airflow in front of the mid-level trough overlapped with the low-level jet stream from northwest, generating strong vertical upward movement and terrain forcing uplift, providing dynamic conditions for heavy precipitation. (2) The water vapor relay transport along the westward path, high saturation of the entire layer of water vapor, and strong water vapor convergence provide water vapor conditions for precipitation. (3) The relative humidity and liquid water content of this heavy rainfall are well reflected in the microwave radiometer data, especially the change in liquid water content is more consistent with the change in rainfall intensity. The continuous monitoring data of high spatiotemporal density of microwave radiometer has a certain auxiliary reference value for aviation meteorological forecasting and warning services for heavy rainfall weather.