标题:
人参皂苷生物合成途径及关键酶的研究进展Advances in the Biosynthesis Research of Ginsenosides and Key Enzymes
作者:
刘佳, 唐中华
关键字:
人参皂苷, 生物合成, 人参, 关键酶Ginsenosides, Biosynthesis, Panax Ginseng, Key Enzymes
期刊名称:
《Botanical Research》, Vol.3 No.3, 2014-05-23
摘要:
人参皂苷是名贵药材人参中的主要有效成分，属于三萜类皂苷化合物，由于其具有改善记忆力、延缓衰老、抗氧化、抗炎作用以及抗肿瘤作用，近年来得到了广泛关注。在人参皂苷生物合成途径解析及其反应机制研究方面，目前已从人参属植物中克隆到20多个与人参皂苷生物合成相关的关键酶基因。本文综述了近年来国内外学者对人参次生代谢途径及关键酶基因研究的新进展，重点阐述了人参皂苷的生物合成途径，针对途径中新发现的关键酶及编码基因进行了详细的介绍。
Ginsenosides are the major bioactive ingredients of rare traditional Chinese herbs of Panax ginseng and belong to specific types of triterpene saponins. There is much evidence that ginsenosides exert beneficial effects in a wide range of pathological conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, immune deficiency, and aging. It was reported that about 20 key enzymes and the encoding genes related to the biosynthesis of ginsenosides from Panax genus plants have been identified. This paper summarizes new progress in ginseng secondary metabolic pathways and genes of the key enzyme, focusing on the biosynthesis pathway of ginsenosides. In addition, the newly cloned and functionally identified genes encoding those key enzymes in the ginsenosides biosynthesis pathway are introduced in detail.