标题:
“毁不灭性”：儒家哀伤应对的构成要素与作用机制Discussion of a Confucian Theory on Bereavement
作者:
景怀斌
关键字:
哀伤, 儒家思想, 应对, 终极观Bereavement; Confucianism; Coping; Spirituality
期刊名称:
《Advances in Psychology》, Vol.3 No.6, 2013-11-04
摘要:
面对亲人亡故，儒家持有“毁不灭性”的主张。“毁不灭性”的构成要素包括儒家天道–性–仁的终极观，以德永存的永恒观，以“礼”侍亲的伦理原则和习俗，中庸的处事原则。这一学说不仅提供了生命意义–死亡的信念与认知框架，“礼”为中心，亲族–乡亲参与的传统丧葬习俗具有哀伤心理释放、行为调整和社会支持功能。“毁不灭性”可以引入心理健康科学，经过心理学化后，可能发育为具有中国文化气质性质现代哀伤应对理论。
This article discusses the psychological mechanism of the Confucian theory on bereavement, “Huibumiexing” (the not carrying emaciation to such an extent to affect life) that argues against grieving excessively to the point of hurting the virtual nature in ethical life. Such an argument is based on the theory of Confucian spirituality and the related viewpoints. According to the Confucian principle of Filial Piety, grief is one’s natural ethical reaction. However, it should be expressed in proper ways and to proper extent. Spiritually, Confucianism maintains that human being is formed through the way of Heaven (Tiandao). Man has the responsibility to develop his innate sense of benevolence to the stage of stateliness and kingliness. From the perspective of Confucianism, life and death are as natural as the rise and fall of the moon and sun. Grief should be expressed on the principle of Zhongyong (the golden mean). The funeral ritual custom called “QiQi” (seven seven days), which involves the participation of kin and neighbors, functions as social support and behavior therapy. This bereavement theory in Confucianism, including its explanation of grief, recognition to grief, and cultural behavior therapy, can be adaptively included in clinical psychology to further develop Chinese bereavement theory.