表面活性剂——超声提取莲子心总生物碱工艺研究

Surfactant—Mediated Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Total Alkaloids of Plumula Nelumbinis

摘要: 对超声辅助乙醇提取莲子心总生物碱的工艺进行了研究。考察超声功率、超声时间、浸泡时间、乙醇体积分数、料液比对生物碱提取率的影响，在此基础上用正交试验进行条件优化。并在优化的工艺条件下，考察吐温20、吐温60、吐温80、司盘80、APG0810、APG1214表面活性剂对提取率的影响。结果表明，在超声功率105 W、超声时间40 min、浸泡时间30 min、乙醇体积分数70%、料液比1:30、APG08103加入量0.02 g/mL的条件下，生物碱提取率为157.268 mg/g，比单纯超声提取(138.231 mg/g)提高13.8%，证明表面活性剂可显著提高超声提取莲子心生物碱的效果。

Abstract: Ultrasonic assisted ethanol extraction of alkaloids from Plumula Nelumbinis was studied. The ef-fects of ultrasonic power, ultrasonic time, immersion time, ethanol volume fraction and solid-liq- uid ratio on the extraction rate of alkaloids were investigated by single factor experiment, and the extraction parameters were optimized by orthogonal test. Under the best conditions, the influence of surfactants of Tween20, Tween60, Tween80, Span80, APG0810 and APG1214 on the extraction rate of alkaloids were illustrated. The results showed that under the best conditions of ultrasonic power 105 W, ultrasonic time 40 min, immersion time 30 min, ethanol volume fraction 70% and solid-liquid ratio 1:30, the extraction rate of alkaloids was 138.231 mg/g. By adding APG0810 0.02 g/mL, the extraction rate of alkaloids could be improved by 13.8% to 157.268 mg/g, which indi-cated that surfactant could improve the effect of ultrasonic extraction of alkaloids from Plumula Nelumbinis markedly.