一种单相光伏并网逆变器软件锁相环的设计与实现

Design and Implementation of a Software Phase-Locked Loop for Single-Phase PV Grid-Connected Inverter

摘要:

针对单相并网逆变器，基于传统的三相锁相环的闭环结构，文章提出了一种软件锁相环的实现方法。首先分析了锁相环的基本原理，推导了数学模型，在此基础上给出了该锁相环的软件设计方法。利用PSIM软件对电网电压幅值、频率和相位发生变化以及含高次谐波的影响做了仿真，结果表明该软件锁相环能有效、快速实现电网周期内任意时刻的锁相，不需等待电网过零点时刻的检测信号来锁相。分别采用TI公司的DSP TMS320F28035和TMS320F2808编程实现文中所提出软件锁相环的算法，并分别应用于500 W双通道单相光伏并网微逆变器和5 kW单相光伏并网逆变器中，结果表明所提出的软件锁相环能很好地实现电网电压相位的跟踪和频率的锁定，验证了所提出锁相环实现方法的正确性。

Abstract: Based on the closed-loop structure of traditional three-phase Phase-Locked loop, a software phase-locked loop (PLL) is proposed for single-phase PV grid-connected inverter in this paper. The operation principle of the presented phase-locked loop is analyzed and its mathematical model is deduced. Also, the software implementation method of the phase-locked loop is presented. Then, the influence resulted from the change of amplitude, frequency and phase on the grid voltage is simulated by PSIM software. The results show that the proposed software phase-locked loop can effectively and quickly realize the phase tracking at any time in the cycle, without waiting for the zero-crossing signal of the grid. The software phase-locked loop proposed in this paper is respectively applied to DSP TMS320F28035 and TMS320F2808 which belong to 500 W dual-channel single-phase PV grid-connected micro-inverter and 5 kW single-phase PV grid-connected inverter respectively. The results show that the proposed software phase-locked loop can achieve the voltage phase tracking and frequency locking well, thus verifying the proposed control method for single phase-locked loop.

文章引用：尧永, 方宇, 葛亚华, 王明南, 张继勇. 一种单相光伏并网逆变器软件锁相环的设计与实现[J]. 电路与系统, 2019, 8(2): 5-15. https://doi.org/10.12677/OJCS.2019.82002

参考文献

[1]	Zhang, C., Wang, X., Blaabjerg, F., Wang, W. and Liu, C. (2015) The Influence of Phase-Locked Loop on the Stability of Single-Phase Grid-Connected Inverter. IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, Montreal, QC, 20-24 September 2015, 4737-4744. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
[2]	宋杨呈祥. 应用于并网逆变器的锁相环关键技术[J]. 分布式能源, 2017, 2(3): 33-38.
[3]	郭子雷, 张海燕, 徐强, 秦臻. 新型锁相环技术及仿真分析[J]. 电测与仪表, 2015, 52(9): 82-86.
[4]	袁江伟, 吕征宇. 一种新型的单相并网系统锁相环[J]. 电力电子技术, 2011, 45(7): 81-82 + 100.
[5]	侯立健, 朱长青, 陈雅, 严雪飞. 基于二阶广义积分器的单相并网系统锁相技术的研究[J]. 电测与仪表, 2016, 53(13): 84-89.
[6]	赵贵龙, 曹玲玲, 祝龙记. 基于光伏并网逆变系统的改进锁相环设计[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2015, 43(2): 108-112.
[7]	严双喜, 张建文, 嵇伟, 俞良. 并网系统软件锁相环设计[J]. 电源技术, 2015, 39(10): 2277-2279.
[8]	刘翔, 张爱玲. 一种基于TMS320F2812的软件锁相环实现方法[J]. 电力电子技术, 2010, 44(8): 60-61.
[9]	唐轶, 谢永强, 王扬, 刘全景, 朱玉振. 基于解耦双同步坐标变换的三相锁相环研究[J]. 电测与仪表, 2017, 54(8): 14-20.
[10]	何攀, 席自强. 基于dq变换的锁相环设计与仿真[J]. 湖北工业大学学报, 2017, 32(5): 93-95.
[11]	Salman, A., Williams, A., Amjad, H., Bhatti, M.K.L. and Saad, M. (20105) Simplified Modeling of a PV Panel by Using PSIM and Its Comparison with Laboratory Test Results. 2015 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference, Seattle, WA, 8-11 October 2015, 360-364. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
[12]	Sahu, P.K., Shaw, P. and Maity, S. (2016) Modeling and Control of Grid-Connected DC/AC Converters for Single-Phase Micro-Inverter Application. 2015 Annual IEEE India Confer-ence (INDICON), New Delhi, India, 31 March 2016, 1-6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
[13]	李研达. 基于双派克变换的新型三相锁相环技术[J]. 沈阳工业大学学报, 2017, 39(3): 253-257.
[14]	徐亚伟. 并网逆变器中全软件锁相环的设计与实现[D]: [硕士学位论文]. 南京: 南京理工大学, 2014.
[15]	吴学敏, 吕鑫. 基于dq-PLL锁相环相序检测算法仿真研究[J]. 信息通信, 2016(7): 1-3.
[16]	瞿殿桂, 曹以龙. 基于双d-q旋转轴的三相电压锁相环分析及仿真[J]. 上海电力学院学报, 2017, 33(1): 49-54.
[17]	赵齐齐, 方宇, 张金银, 黎文, 王齐, 谢勇. 双反激型光伏并网微逆变器的建模及控制[J]. 电测与仪表, 2014, 51(10): 88-93.
[18]	张丽. 双通道交错反激型光伏并网微逆变器研究[D]: [硕士学位论文]. 扬州: 扬州大学, 2016.