3~5岁学龄前儿童营养膳食调查：以宁夏大学幼教中心为例

Dietary Investigation of Preschool Children Aged 3 - 5 in Kindergarten of Ningxia University

摘要: 采用整群抽样法抽取宁夏大学幼教中心学龄前儿童200名，通过称重法和记帐法相结合的方法进行膳食调查，分层抽样150名儿童进行体格检查，采用WHO推荐的身高标准体重法评价幼儿的营养状况。结果如下：蛋白质、锌、钙、维生素B1、维生素B2分别占膳食营养素参考摄入量(DRIs)的95.56%、71.48%、56.57%、57.65%和54.86%，摄入量略显不足；三大营养素供热比基本合理，碳水化合物供热(61.72%)略高于正常值(50%~ 60%)；优质蛋白占总蛋白质摄入量比例为57.73%。研究结果显示，宁夏大学幼教中心学龄前儿童膳食营养状况有待进一步改善。

Abstract: In this paper, cluster sampling method was used in 200 preschool children of early childhood education ma- jor medical center in Ningxia, with the combination of weighting method and accounting method to investigate the die- tary. Stratified sample of 150 children have a medical examination, using WHO recommended standard weight-for- height method to evaluate the nutritional status of children. Results are as follows: the intake of the protein, zinc and calcium of vitamin B1, vitamin B2 accounted for dietary reference intakes (DRIs) was 95.56%, 71.48%, 56.57%, 57.65% and 54.86%—inadequate intake; the ratio of three major nutrients heating was basically reasonable; carbohy- drates heating (61.72%) was slightly higher than normal value (50% - 60%); quality protein ratio of the total protein intake was 57.73%. This study indicates that the dietary nutrition status of preschool children in Kindergarten of Ningxia University should be further improved.