汤森系数与涂硼正比计数管中气体放大的关系研究
Study of the Relationship between Townsend Coefficient and the Gas Amplification in Boron-Lined Proportional Counters (BLPCs)
DOI: 10.12677/NST.2014.24010, PDF, HTML, 下载: 2,508  浏览: 7,950  国家自然科学基金支持
作者: 陈国云, 辛 勇, 赵书毅, 黄福成：南昌大学物理系，南昌
关键词: 正比计数管；约化汤森系数；约化倍增因子；约化电场；Proportional Counters； Reduced Townsend Coefficient； Reduced Multiplication Factor； Reduced Electrical Field
摘要: 基于正比计数管的气体放大，提出四个约化量：约化汤森系数αre、约化倍增因子Mre、临界约化电场ε0、临界约化汤森系数Σ，并得出对应于线性、幂指数和自然指数αre-ε关系的约化倍增因子表达式。以P10气体充入特定涂硼正比管为例，做出了三类关系的约化倍增因子Mre-εa曲线。分析表明描述约化汤森系数、约化倍增因子和约化电场之间的三类关系具有良好的统一性。正比管中存在临界约化电场和临界约化汤森系数，其取值因αre-ε关系而异。正比管中约化倍增因子随阳极丝表面电场递增，其增速受αre-ε关系的影响，但倍增因子取值变化很小。
Abstract: Based on the gas amplification in proportional counters, four reduced quantities: reduced Town-send coefficient αre, reduced multiplication factor Mre, reduced critical electric field ε0, and reduced critical Townsend coefficient Σ are proposed. Expressions of Mre, which are corresponding to linear, exponential and natural exponential relationship of αre vs. ε, are deduced. By taking example for a special boron-lined proportional counter (BLPC) filled with P10 gas, Mre-εa curves based on three kinds of mentioned relationships are plotted. Analysis shows that reduced Townsend coefficient αre , reduced multiplication factor Mre , and reduced electric field ε have good uniformities. Critical reduced electric field and critical reduced Townsend efficiency exist in the operation of PCs, but their values varies with the relationship of αre-ε. Reduced multiplication factors of PCs increase with the electric field on the surface of the anode wire, and the increase rate would be affected by the relationship of αre-ε while the value of Mre changes little.
文章引用：陈国云, 辛勇, 赵书毅, 黄福成. 汤森系数与涂硼正比计数管中气体放大的关系研究[J]. 核科学与技术, 2014, 2(4): 59-66. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/NST.2014.24010

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