新资源食品牡丹加工剩余物乙醇提取物成分分析及其活性的研究

Study on Component Analysis and Activity of Ethanol Extract from Processing Residues of New Resource Food Peony

摘要: 本研究以油用牡丹加工剩余物籽壳为原料，乙醇为溶剂，提取物产率为响应值，通过单因素和正交实验制备最优提取工艺，最优工艺为：乙醇浓度95%、提取温度90℃、料液比1:10、提取时间4 h，提取物产率为24.68% ± 1.27%。牡丹籽壳提取物中检测到白藜芦醇(0.014%)和芍药苷(1.40%)，在油部分中首次检测到二十碳五烯酸(0.0526%)和角鲨烯(0.007%)，并进行扫描电镜、热重、红外光谱、多糖、总酚、总黄酮、体外抗氧化活性和鼠毒性实验。结果表明，牡丹加工剩余物乙醇提取物的体外抗氧化活性较强。提取物在0.05~0.8 g/kg范围内为无毒，能够使鼠血清中超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶酶活力增加，丙二醛含量降低。本研究将为油用牡丹企业深加工，以及籽壳提取物潜在应用提供基础数据支撑。

Abstract: In this study, the seed shell of oil peony processing residue was used as raw material, ethanol was used as solvent, and the extraction yield was used as response value. The optimal extraction process was prepared by single factor and orthogonal experiment. The optimal extraction process was as follows: ethanol concentration was 95%, extraction temperature was 90˚C, solid-liquid ratio was 1:10, extraction time was 4 h, and the extraction yield was 24.68% ± 1.27%. Resveratrol (0.014%) and paeoniflorin (1.40%) were detected in the extract of peony seed shell. Eicosapentaenoic acid (0.0526%) and squalene (0.007%) were detected in the oil for the first time. Scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry, infrared spectroscopy, polysaccharides, total phenols, total flavonoids, in vitro antioxidant activity and mouse toxicity tests were carried out. The results showed that the ethanol extract of peony processing residue had strong antioxidant activity in vitro. The extract was nontoxic in the range of 0.05~0.8 g/kg, which could increase the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in serum and decrease the content of malondialdehyde. This study will provide basic data support for the deep processing of oil peony enterprises and the potential application of seed shell extract.