康德“人是目的”命题述评

A Review of Immanuel Kant’s Proposition “Man Is the End”

摘要: “人是目的”命题是康德道德哲学三大命题之一，自提出以来，引起了广泛的讨论。康德道德哲学命题固然存在难以辩护的缺陷，但就“人是目的”命题本身而言，却有可资借鉴的价值。这一命题不是单纯地对人的主体地位的肯定，更要为独立的、平等的个体制定普遍的行为准则，不仅如此，“人是目的”在某种层面上，与马克思主义的人民立场具有很强的共通性。深入研究“人是目的”命题，也有助于加强对马克思主义的理解与认识。我们将从“人是目的”命题提出的背景、理论内涵对这一命题进行深入阐述，并在此基础上，从马克思主义的立场上，审视、辨明其不足之处。

Abstract: “Man is the end” is one of the three propositions of Immanuel Kant’s moral philosophy, since it was put forward, it has aroused extensive discussion. Immanuel Kant’s proposition of moral philosophy has some indefensible defects, but as far as the proposition of “man is the end” is concerned, it has some referential value. This proposition is not only a simple affirmation of man’s subject status, but also a universal code of conduct for independent and equal individuals. Not only that, “man is an end”, on some level, has a strong commonality with the Marxist position of the people. A thorough study of the proposition that “man is the end” will also help to strengthen the understanding of Marxism. We will expound this proposition deeply from the background and theoretical connotation of the proposition that “man is the goal”, on this basis, we will examine and identify its shortcomings from the standpoint of Marxism.