海马–前额叶神经环路在自闭症社交记忆中的作用研究综述

Review on the Role of Hippocamp-Prefrontal Neural Circuit in Social Memory of Autism

摘要: 社交障碍是自闭症障碍的一种典型特征，社交记忆异常是社交行为异常的重要原因，自闭症障碍本身会导致海马、前额叶等重要脑区结构异常，而海马、前额叶又恰恰和社交记忆的关系密不可分，了解海马–前额叶神经机制显得尤为重要。海马–前额叶脑区构成了社交记忆神经环路，且二者协调作用是记忆过程的关键，共同参与完成我们日常生活中的各项记忆任务。社会交往活动中，社交记忆的信息要输入到我们的头脑中由短期记忆要转变为长期记忆，必定要经由海马–前额叶的神经环路，且海马CA1、前额叶皮层的脑电同步化活动是社交记忆信息得到运输、巩固的标志，那么这种同步化活动异常则可以推测是引起社交记忆失败以及形成社交障碍的神经机制。

Abstract: This paper describes that social disorder is a typical feature of autism disorder, and abnormal social memory is an important cause of abnormal social behavior. Autism disorder will lead to structural abnormalities in important brain regions such as hippocampus and prefrontal lobe, which are closely related to social memory. Therefore, it is particularly important to understand the neural mechanism of the hippocampus and prefrontal lobe. The hippocamp-prefrontal region constitutes the social memory neural circuit, and their coordination is key to the memory process, and they are involved in various memory tasks in our daily life. In social interaction activities, the information of social memory must be input into our minds to transform short-term memory into long-term memory through the hippocamp-prefrontal neural circuit. Moreover, the electrical synchronization activity of hippocampal CA1 and prefrontal cortex is a sign that the information of social memory is transported and consolidated. Therefore, this abnormal synchronization activity can be speculated to cause the failure of social memory and the neural mechanism of social dysfunction.