“幽人”之寻：苏轼“幽人”书写背后的人生体验与情感表达

The Search for the “Recluse”: The Life Experiences and Emotional Expressions Behind Su Shi’s “Recluse” Writings

摘要: “幽人”是中国古代士人失位逆境中的产物，体现了士人在政治理想与现实社会失衡时对仕隐的权衡与选择。“幽人”意象是苏轼诗文中最典型的意象之一，与贬谪相关联，却在不同时期具有不同的意味：从经受仕途危机的惶恐，到失意穷途的贬谪之路，再到对生命本象的探求，“幽人”作为苏轼内心的外化，陪伴着他经历从痛苦到超脱的心灵之旅。本文通过对苏轼所作的44首含有“幽人”的诗词进行分析，旨在研究“幽人”意象在苏轼人生经历中所承载的情感流变。结合儒释道三家观念对苏轼的影响，分析其不同时期“幽人”的变化和差异。艺术手法方面主要从意象的选取和意境营造两个方面入手，探究苏轼对“幽人”意象的塑造，以期达到对苏轼思想的了解和对“幽人”意象的拓展，更加完善丰富“幽人”在历代诗词脉络中的形象。

Abstract: “Secluded Man” is a product of the adversity of the ancient Chinese scholars, which embodies the weighing and choice of the scholars’ balance between political ideals and real society. The image of “Secluded Man” is one of the most typical images in Su Shi’s poetry, which is associated with derogation, but has different meanings at different times: from the panic of experiencing the crisis of his career, to the way to escape from frustration, to the pursuit of the true self of life, “Secluded Man”, as the externalization of Su Shi’s heart, accompanies him on his spiritual journey from pain to detachment. By analyzing 44 poems containing “Secluded Man” written by Su Shi, this paper aims to study the emotional flow of the image of “Secluded Man” in Su Shi’s life experience. Combined with the influence of the three concepts of Confucianism and Taoism on Su Shi, the changes and differences of the “Secluded Man” in different periods were analyzed. In terms of artistic techniques, it mainly starts from the two aspects of image group selection and artistic conception creation, and explores Su Shi’s shaping of the image of “Secluded Man”, in order to achieve an understanding of Su Shi’s thought and expand the image of “Secluded Man”, and further improve and enrich the image of “Secluded Man” in the context of poetry throughout the ages.