假冒服务商标行为的刑法认定

Criminal Law Determination of Counterfeiting Acts Involving Service Trademarks

摘要: 《刑法修正案(十一)》将侵犯服务商标行为纳入到刑法规制当中，解决了一直存在的假冒服务商标行为是否应当入罪的争议问题。立法完善后，如何把握相关犯罪的入罪标准成为不可回避的问题。司法实践中，在认定假冒注册服务商标犯罪时，参照商品商标的相关规则并结合服务商标的特点综合认定“使用”行为；坚持以服务为中心，形式判断与实质判断相结合的方法认定同一种服务；以客体遭受的实质损害为依据，对是否成立“情节严重”进行判断。通过对假冒注册服务商标犯罪构成要件司法认定的分析，合理限定服务商标的刑事保护边界，明确假冒注册服务商标行为的入罪标准，从而完善对服务商标的刑事保护。

Abstract: The Eleventh Amendment to the Criminal Law has included infringement of service trademarks in the criminal law, resolving the long-standing controversy over whether counterfeiting service trademarks should be criminalized. After the legislation is improved, how to grasp the crime standards of relevant crimes has become an unavoidable issue. In judicial practice, when determining the crime of counterfeiting registered service trademarks, the “use” behavior is comprehensively determined by referring to the relevant rules of commodity trademarks and combining the characteristics of service trademarks; Adhere to the service-centered approach, combining formal and substantive judgments to identify the same service; The determination of whether the “serious circumstances” are established is based on the actual damage suffered by the object. By analyzing the judicial determination of the constitutive elements of the crime of counterfeiting registered service trademarks, we can reasonably limit the criminal protection boundaries of service trademarks, clarify the crime standards for counterfeiting registered service trademarks, and thus improve the criminal protection of service trademarks.