中医治疗寒凝血瘀型子宫腺肌病所致痛经的研究进展

Research Progress of Traditional Chinese Medicine Treatment of Dysmenorrhea Caused by Cold Coagulation and Blood Stasis Type Adenomyosis

摘要: 子宫腺肌病(AM)是女性最常见的妇产科病症，其典型症状包括痛经、经量增多及经期延长。病情加重时将对患者的日常生活和工作产生显著干扰。西医现阶段的治疗手段主要包括药物疗法、宫内节育器植入及外科手术，虽有一定的疗效，然而它们可能在一定程度上干扰女性的生理功能，甚至引发骨质疏松等并发症，且停药后病情易于复发。中医治疗AM的方法多种多样，气滞、寒凝、湿热、气虚、肾虚、痰瘀等都可能导致子宫腺肌病的发生。临床以寒凝血瘀型最为普遍。本文总结近5年中医治疗寒凝血瘀型AM所致痛经的相关文献，以期为寒凝血瘀型AM所致痛经的诊治提供参考。

Abstract: Adenomyosis (AM) is the most common gynecological disorder in women. Its typical symptoms include dysmenorrhea, increased menstrual volume and prolonged menstrual period. When the disease worsens, it will significantly interfere with the daily life and work of the patient. The current treatment methods of Western medicine mainly include drug therapy, intrauterine device implantation and surgical operation, although there is a certain effect, but they may interfere with women’s physiological function to a certain extent, and even lead to complications such as osteoporosis, and the disease is easy to relapse after stopping the drug. There are many ways to treat AM in TCM, such as qi stagnation, cold coagulation, dampness-heat, qi deficiency, kidney deficiency, phlegm stasis, etc., which may lead to the occurrence of adenomyosis. Clinical cold coagulation blood stasis type is the most common. This article summarizes the literature on the treatment of dysmenorrhea caused by cold coagulation and blood stasis type AM in the past 5 years, in order to provide reference for the diagnosis and treatment of dysmenorrhea caused by cold coagulation and blood stasis type AM.