低矮房屋屋顶结构风载荷特性分析

Analysis of Wind Load Characteristics on the Roof Structure of Low-Rise Buildings

摘要: 波浪型单层钢制大瓦广泛应用于低矮的民用建筑及临时建筑屋顶，我国是受大风影响非常频繁的国家，因此，低矮房屋屋顶覆盖层在风场作用下的风载荷特性及其安全性需要关注。本文应用有限元法，对低矮房屋普遍应用的单层钢制大瓦进行风振影响分析及结构应力分析，得到结论：屋顶大瓦的前四阶自振幅值均较小，屋顶大瓦可不考虑风载荷作用下的自振作用；屋顶大瓦结构在不同方向风载荷的作用下，结构最大Von-Mise应力未超过材料屈服极限，结构是安全的；大瓦边缘凸棱处最大Von-Mise应力已经接近材料强度极限，安全系数仅为1.182，需要增加相应的加固措施以确保安全。本文相关研究结果可为低矮房屋的建筑屋顶设计提供参考。

Abstract: Wave shaped single-layer steel tiles are widely used in low rise civil buildings and temporary building roofs. China is a country that is frequently affected by strong winds. Therefore, the wind load characteristics and safety of the roof covering layer of low rise buildings under the action of wind fields need to be paid attention to. This article applies the finite element method to analyze the wind-induced vibration and structural stress of single-layer steel tiles commonly used in low rise buildings. The conclusion is that the first four natural amplitude values of roof tiles are relatively small, and the natural vibration effect of roof tiles under wind load can be ignored; Under the action of wind loads in different directions, the maximum Von Mise stress of the roof tile structure does not exceed the material yield limit, indicating that the structure is safe; The maximum Von Mise stress at the convex edge of the large tile is close to the material strength limit, with a safety factor of only 1.182. Corresponding reinforcement measures need to be added to ensure safety. The relevant research results of this article can provide reference for the roof design of low rise buildings.