基于Workbench的汽车发动机连杆有限元分析

Finite Element Analysis of Automobile Engine Connecting Rod Based on Workbench

摘要: 本研究以汽车发动机连杆为对象，基于ANSYS Workbench软件进行了系统的静力学分析、模态分析及拓扑优化设计。首先，通过静力学分析得出了连杆在特定工况下的应力和位移分布，并通过模态分析确定了连杆在不同频率下的动态响应特性。分析结果表明，连杆在实际工况下能够满足强度要求，其应力集中区域主要位于连杆小头和杆身连接处。基于前期分析结果，采用拓扑优化技术对连杆中间部位进行优化处理，使中间部分保持原有重量的70%以减少材料的使用。在优化过程中，通过重新建模，修正了初步拓扑优化结果中的几何不规则问题。最终，通过有限元仿真分析验证了优化后连杆的力学性能，结果显示，优化后的连杆不仅大幅减轻了质量，同时在应力和模态特性上仍符合设计要求。该研究提出了一种通过有限元仿真与拓扑优化相结合的轻量化设计方案，为连杆优化设计提供了理论依据和实践指导。

Abstract: This study focuses on the automobile engine connecting rod, conducting systematic static analysis, modal analysis, and topology optimization using ANSYS Workbench software. First, a static analysis was performed to obtain the stress and displacement distribution of the connecting rod under specific working conditions, and modal analysis was conducted to determine the dynamic response characteristics of the connecting rod at various frequencies. The results indicate that the connecting rod meets the strength requirements under actual working conditions, with stress concentration primarily located at the junction of the small end and the rod body. Based on the preliminary analysis, topology optimization was applied to the central section of the connecting rod, reducing material usage by maintaining 70% of the original weight in this region. During the optimization process, the geometric irregularities in the initial topology optimization results were corrected through remodelling. The final finite element analysis results show that the optimized connecting rod significantly reduces weight while maintaining the stress and modal characteristics within design specifications. This study proposes a lightweight design approach by combining finite element simulation and topology optimization, providing theoretical support and practical guidance for the optimization of connecting rod design.