大学生共情对友谊质量的影响：人际交往效能感的中介作用

The Effect of College Students’ Empathy on Friendship Quality: The Mediating Role of Interpersonal Interaction Efficacy

摘要: 为了了解大学生共情、人际交往效能感和友谊质量的基本情况，探究共情对大学生友谊质量的影响，以及人际交往效能感在其中的作用机制，本研究采用《人际反应指数量表》《大学生人际交往效能感量表》和《友谊质量量表》，对在校大学生进行问卷调查，最终回收有效问卷459份。结果显示：大学生整体的共情水平、人际交往效能感水平和友谊质量均为中等偏上。大学生共情、人际交往效能感、友谊质量两两之间均呈显著正相关。共情显著正向预测人际交往效能感和友谊质量，人际交往效能感显著正向预测友谊质量。人际交往效能感在共情和友谊质量之间起着部分中介作用。结论：共情能够直接影响友谊质量，也能够通过人际交往效能感间接影响友谊质量。

Abstract: In order to understand the basic situation of empathy, interpersonal interaction efficacy and friendship quality among college students, and to explore the influence of empathy on college students’ friendship quality, as well as the role mechanism of interpersonal interaction efficacy in it, this study used the “Interpersonal Reactivity Index-C”, “Interpersonal Interaction Efficacy Scale for College Students”, and “Friendship Quality Inventory” to conduct a questionnaire survey on college students, and 459 valid questionnaires were finally collected. The results showed that the overall empathy level, interpersonal interaction efficacy level, and friendship quality of college students were moderate to high. There was a significant positive correlation between empathy, interpersonal interaction efficacy, and friendship quality. Empathy significantly and positively predicted interpersonal interaction efficacy and friendship quality, and interpersonal interaction efficacy significantly and positively predicted friendship quality. Interpersonal interaction efficacy partially mediated the relationship between empathy and friendship quality. Conclusion: Empathy can influence friendship quality directly, and also indirectly through interpersonal interaction efficacy.