子女随迁对流动人口自我雇佣的影响研究

Research on the Impact of Child Migration on the Self-Employment of Migrants

摘要: 随着中国城镇化进程的推进，流动人口家庭化迁移的趋势也不断增强，子女随迁在一定程度上影响着流动人口的社会融入和就业决策。本文利用国家卫健委2012~2018年全国流动人口监测调查数据，构建Probit模型进行实证分析后发现：第一，子女随迁显著提高了流动人口自我雇佣的概率；第二，子女随迁对生存型自我雇佣的促进作用强于机会型自我雇佣。经过稳健性检验和内生性处理后，该结论依旧成立；第三，子女随迁对子女数量越多、子女年龄越小以及单独一人流动的流动人口父母产生更加明显的促进效应。本文结论为改善流动人口在城市的自我雇佣问题和推进新型城镇化提供了参考意义。

Abstract: With the advancement of urbanization in China, the trend of family migration of migrants is also increasing, and the migration of children affects the social integration and employment decisions of migrants to a certain extent. Based on the data of the China Migrants Dynamic Survey of the National Health Commission from 2012 to 2018, this paper constructs the Probit model for empirical analysis, and finds that: first, the migration of children significantly increases the probability of self-employment of migrants; Second, the promotion effect of child migration on survival self-employment is stronger than that of opportunistic self-employment. After robustness test and endogeneity treatment, this conclusion is still valid; Third, the migration of children has a more obvious promotion effect on the migrant parents with more children and younger children, and the single migrant. The conclusions of this paper provide reference significance for improving the self-employment of migrants in cities and promoting new urbanization.