医学生治疗恐惧与专业心理求助态度关系的研究：自尊的中介作用

Study on the Relationship between Treatment Fear and Professional Psychological Help Attitude in Medical Students: The Mediating Role of Self-Esteem

摘要: 目的：了解医学生专业心理求助态度、治疗恐惧和自尊之间的关系，为高校心理健康教育工作提供依据。方法：采用方便抽样法，应用寻求专业心理帮助的态度量表简版、心理治疗想法量表中文版、罗森伯格自尊量表，对重庆某医学高校529名大学生进行问卷调查，采用SPSS26.0分析专业心理求助态度、治疗恐惧和自尊之间的关系。结果：女生专业心理求助态度得分高于男生(p < 0.05)；来自城镇或为独生子女自尊水平高于来自农村或非独生子女(p < 0.05)；专业心理求助态度与自尊呈显著正相关(r = 0.242，p < 0.01)，与治疗恐惧负相关性显著(r = −0.197，p < 0.01)；女生治疗恐惧感高于男生(p < 0.05)。专业心理求助态度与自尊呈显著正相关(r = 0.242，p < 0.01)，与治疗恐惧负相关性显著(r = −0.197，p < 0.01)；自尊与治疗恐惧负相关性显著(r = −0.316，p < 0.01)。治疗恐惧可以负向预测专业心理求助态度与自尊(β = −0.394、β = −0.134，p < 0.05)；自尊可以正向预测专业心理求助态度(β = 0.149，P < 0.05)。自尊在治疗恐惧与专业心理求助态度之间起部分中介作用(p < 0.05)。结论：治疗恐惧可以直接影响专业心理求助态度，也可以通过自尊的中介作用间接影响专业心理求助态度。降低对治疗的恐惧、提高自尊，均可以提高医学生寻求专业心理帮助态度的积极性。高校应针对性开展心理健康工作。

Abstract: Objective: To understand the relationship among medical students’ professional psychological help-seeking attitude, treatment fear and self-esteem, and to provide basis for mental health education in colleges and universities. Methods: Convenient sampling was used to apply the Attitude Scale for Seeking Professional Psychological Help (Simplified Version), the Chinese Version of the Psychological Treatment Ideas Scale, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 529 college students from a medical college in Chongqing, and SPSS26.0 was used to analyze the relationships among attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help, fear of treatment, and self-esteem. Results: Girls’ professional psychological help-seeking attitude scores were higher than boys’ (p < 0.05); children from urban areas or only children had higher self-esteem than those from rural areas or non-only children (p < 0.05); there was a significant positive correlation between professional psychological help-seeking attitudes and self-esteem (r = 0.242, p < 0.01), and has a significant negative correlation with treatment fear (r = −0.197, p < 0.01); girls have higher treatment fear than boys (p < 0.05). There is a significant positive correlation between professional psychological help-seeking attitude and self-esteem (r = 0.242, p < 0.01), and a significant negative correlation with fear of treatment (r = −0.197, p < 0.01); there is a significant negative correlation between self-esteem and fear of treatment (r =− 0.316, p < 0.01). Treatment fear can negatively predict attitude towards seeking professional psychological help and self-esteem (β = −0.394, β =−0.134, p < 0.05); self-esteem can positively predict attitude towards seeking professional psychological help (β = 0.149, p < 0.05). Self-esteem plays a partial mediating role between treatment fear and attitude towards seeking professional psychological help (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Fear of treatment can directly affect attitudes towards seeking professional psychological help, and can also indirectly affect attitudes towards seeking professional psychological help through the mediation of self-esteem. Reducing fear of treatment and improving self-esteem can both increase the enthusiasm of medical students in seeking professional psychological help. Colleges and universities should carry out targeted mental health work.