卡特福德翻译理论在医学英语汉译中的应用

The Application of Catford’s Translation Shifts Theory in Medical Translation from English to Chinese

摘要: 医学在保障人类健康和推动社会发展等方面功不可没，而推动医学的进步有赖于国家间的交流和学习。在此情况下，医学翻译就扮演了极其重要的作用。但由于医学文本本身具有专业性、科学性和严谨性等特点，在对其进行翻译时，除了保留其文本的特点外，还应准确传达文本蕴含的内容，这对于译者来说无疑是一项巨大的挑战。而卡特福德翻译转化理论从层次转换和范畴转换方面对翻译转换进行了详细的描述，其转换强调“牺牲”形式，而更加注重文本内容的传达，这一点正好适用于医学文本的翻译，能够指导医学文本的翻译实践。因此，本文以Sabiston and Spencer Surgery of the Chest一书中的第14章：Lung Transplantation的部分翻译为例，分析卡特福德翻译转化理论在医学文本汉译中的实用性和可行性。

Abstract: Medicine plays an important role in safeguarding human’s health and promoting social development, and the advancement of medicine depends on exchanges and learning between countries. In this case, medical translation plays an extremely important role. Due to the professional, scientific and rigorous characteristics of medical texts, it is undoubtedly a great challenge for translators to retain the characteristics of the medical text and ensure the accuracy of translation at the same time. Catford’s translation shifts theory describes translation and shifts in detail from the aspects of level shifts and category shifts. His shifts theory emphasizes the “sacrifice” of form and pays more attention to the transmission of text content, which is exactly applicable to the translation of medical texts and can guide the translation practice of medical texts. Therefore, this paper takes the translation of Chapter 14: Lung Transplantation in Sabiston and Spenser Surgery of the Chest as an example to analyze the practicability and feasibility of Catford’s translation shifts theory in Chinese translation of medical texts.