基于改进后社会力模型的信号交叉口行人二次过街行为特征研究

Study on the Behavior Characteristics of Pedestrians Crossing the Street Twice at Signalized Intersections Based on Improved Post-Social Force Model

摘要: 在信号交叉口行人二次过街的复杂交通状态下，深入分析行人过街的交通特性，如何构建行人动力模型，提高行人过街时的安全与效率成为人们探讨的重要议题。本文提出了一种基于博弈论改进后的社会力模型用于探究信号交叉口行人流饱和状态下的二次过街的影响因素；根据行人二次过街的需求及行为特性对社会力模型进行了改进，增加了信号灯对行人过街产生的影响力并通过纳什均衡确定了公式中行人对时间与速度需求的系数，并且量化了社会力的各个分力；然后运用能量定理对数据进行处理，用实际数据量化了改进后的社会力的各个分力并且将行人过街过程详细地进行了描述。最后将原始社会力模型和改进后的社会力模型以及实际情况进行对比之后，表明改进后的社会力模型能更好地反映实际情况，为提升信号交叉口交通系统高效和安全的运行以及改善行人过街设施提供理论依据提出参考建议。

Abstract: Under the complex traffic state of pedestrian crossing at signalized intersections, in-depth analysis of the traffic characteristics of pedestrian crossing, how to construct a pedestrian dynamic model, and improve the safety and efficiency of pedestrian crossing have become an important issue. In this paper, an improved social force model based on game theory is proposed to explore the influencing factors of secondary crossing at signalized intersections under saturated pedestrian flow. According to the needs and behavior characteristics of pedestrians crossing the street twice, this paper improved the social force model, increased the influence of traffic lights on pedestrians crossing the street, determined the coefficients of pedestrians’ demand for time and speed through Nash equilibrium, and quantified each component of social force. Then, the energy theorem is used to process the data, and the actual data are used to quantify the various components of the improved social force and the pedestrian crossing process is described in detail. Finally, by comparing the original social force model with the improved social force model and the actual situation, it is shown that the improved social force model can better reflect the actual situation, and provide theoretical basis for improving the efficient and safe operation of the signalized intersection traffic system and improving the pedestrian crossing facilities.