数字普惠金融发展对区域商业银行稳健经营的影响——基于收益和风险的视角

The Influence of the Development of Digital Inclusive Finance on the Steady Operation of Regional Commercial Banks—From the Perspective of Income and Risk

摘要: 本文基于我国城市与农村商业银行的微观财务数据与北京大学数字金融研究中心编制的普惠金融指数进行实证分析，从收益和风险的视角探究数字普惠金融的发展对区域商业银行稳健经营的影响。研究发展数字普惠金融会降低商业银行的盈利能力同时增加商业银行的风险水平，这种影响通过内生性和稳健性检验后依然成立。通过中介效应模型进行路径研究，结果表明数字普惠金融通过影响区域商业银行的经营效率影响银行盈利能力，通过恶化贷款结构增加区域商业银行的风险水平，进一步研究发现数字普惠金融对区域商业银行的影响存在异质性，数字普惠金融对东部地区区域商业银行的影响相对西部地区更加显著。因此，发展数字普惠金融会对区域商业银行的稳健经营带来一定的负面冲击。

Abstract: Based on the micro-financial data of urban and rural commercial banks in China and the inclusive finance index compiled by the Digital Finance Research Center of Peking University, this paper makes an empirical analysis to explore the impact of the development of digital inclusive finance on the stable operation of regional commercial banks from the perspective of income and risk. The research and development of digital inclusive finance will reduce the profitability of commercial banks and increase the risk level of commercial banks, which is still valid after the endogenous and robust tests. Through the intermediary effect model, the results show that digital inclusive finance affects the profitability of regional commercial banks by affecting their operating efficiency, and increases the risk level of regional commercial banks by worsening the loan structure. Further research shows that the impact of digital inclusive finance on regional commercial banks is heterogeneous, and the impact of digital inclusive finance on regional commercial banks in the eastern region is more significant than that in the western region. Therefore, the development of digital inclusive finance will have a negative impact on the steady operation of regional commercial banks.