母语识字教学及其对国际汉字教学的启示

Mother Tongue Literacy Teaching and Its Implications for International Chinese Character Teaching

摘要: 随着国际中文教育的全面开展，汉字教学法的研究也逐渐深入。但对新时期母语识字教学法对国际汉字教学的影响，缺乏不同角度的讨论。母语识字教学中有许多值得国际汉字教学借鉴的地方。本文首先对几种有代表性的常用母语识字教学法进行概况分析，并对具有特色的辅助性教学法进行阐述。随后，根据母语识字教学所体现的科学规律与原则进行分析与概括：1) 遵循教育学规律：循序渐进原则、直观性原则和巩固性原则；2) 遵循心理学规律：意义识记原则、整体优先原则；3) 遵循汉字本体规律：突出字形教学、分析汉字有理性；突出汉字教学“音–形–义”“字–词–句–文”“识–写–用”三个维度间的关系。最后，根据母语教学法体现的规律和原则，探讨其对国际汉字教学的启示。

Abstract: With the development of international Chinese education in an all-round way, the research on Chinese character teaching methods is gradually deepening. However, there is a lack of discussion on the influence of mother tongue literacy teaching method on international Chinese character teaching in the new era. There are many aspects in the teaching of mother tongue literacy that are worthy of reference in international Chinese character teaching. At first, this paper makes a general analysis of several representative common mother tongue literacy teaching methods and expounds the characteristic auxiliary teaching methods. Then, according to the mother tongue literacy teaching embodied in the scientific laws and principles of analysis and summary: 1) Follow the law of pedagogy: step by step principle, intuitionistic principle and consolidation principle; 2) Follow the laws of psychology: the principle of meaning memorization, the principle of overall priority; 3) Follow the law of Chinese character ontology: highlight the teaching of font and analyze Chinese characters rationally; It highlights the relationship between the three dimensions of “phone-form-meaning”, “word-word-sentence-text”, “cognition-writing-use” in Chinese character teaching. Finally, according to the law and principle of mother tongue teaching method, this paper discusses its enlightenment to international Chinese character teaching.