趋近化理论视角下公诉人的话语策略研究

A Study on the Prosecutor’s Discourse Strategies from the Perspective of Proximization Theory

摘要: 本文旨在运用Cap的趋近化理论，探讨刑事庭审中公诉人的话语策略。本文以张扣扣一案为语料，通过使用UAM corpus tool 3对语料进行人工标注，统计出公诉人话语的趋近化策略。研究发现：公诉人使用了三种趋近化策略，分别为空间、时间、价值趋近策略；三种趋近化策略在使用上存在不同的倾向性，其中，空间趋近的使用频次最高，在证明被告人犯罪事实方面起到了直接作用，其次是价值趋近，最低的是时间趋近；公诉人通过采用这三种趋近策略，构建了话语空间外部实体与话语空间内部实体之间的敌对性，强化话语空间外部实体的非法性，唤起外部逼近的威胁以寻求防御，进而合法化严惩被告人犯罪行为的举措。

Abstract: This study aims to apply Cap’s Proximization Theory to explore the discourse strategies of the prosecutor in criminal trials. Taking the case of Zhang Koukou as an example, this study manually annotated the corpus using UAM corpus tool 3 to analyze the proximization strategies employed by the prosecutor. The study reveals that the prosecutor uses three proximization strategies, namely spatial, temporal, and axiological proximization strategies. These strategies show different tendencies in usage: among which spatial proximization is the most frequently used, playing a direct role in proving the facts of the defendant’s crime, followed by axiological proximization, and temporal proximization. By employing these three strategies, the prosecutor constructs hostility between entities outside the deictic center and those inside the deictic center, strengthens the illegality of entities outside the deictic center, awakens external threats to seek defense, and thus legitimizes measures to severely punish the defendant’s criminal behavior.