基于DEA模型的规模以上工业企业创新效率评价

Evaluation of Innovation Efficiency of Industrial Enterprises above Large Scale Based on DEA Model

摘要: 企业作为科技创新的三大主体之一，其技术研发和科技成果转化方面的活动对推动国民经济向高质量发展转型至关重要。工业企业正致力于自主创新，加大科技创新方面资金投入力度，但仍存在技术创新成果质量不高与投入冗余等问题。本文利用数据包络分析方法(DEA)，对2013年至2022年全国规模以上工业企业的科技成果转化效率进行分析，结果发现不同时间段的科技成果转化效率差异较大，资源配置相对不合理。技术研发阶段受技术效率和规模效率的双重影响，成果转化阶段主要受规模效率的影响，大大降低了全国科技成果转化的总体效果。文章结尾根据研究成果提出了相应的对策建议。

Abstract: As one of the three major entities in technological innovation, enterprises’ activities in technology research and development and the transformation of scientific and technological achievements are crucial for promoting the transformation of the national economy towards high-quality development. Industrial enterprises are committed to independent innovation and increasing investment in technological innovation, but there are still problems such as low quality of technological innovation achievements and redundant investment. This article uses the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method to analyze the efficiency of scientific and technological achievements transformation of industrial enterprises above designated size in China from 2013 to 2022. The results show that there are significant differences in the efficiency of scientific and technological achievements transformation in different time periods, and the allocation of resources is relatively unreasonable. The technology research and development stage is influenced by both technical efficiency and scale efficiency, while the achievement transformation stage is mainly influenced by scale efficiency, greatly reducing the overall effectiveness of national scientific and technological achievement transformation. At the end of the article, corresponding countermeasures and suggestions were proposed based on the research results.