家庭ICT资源投入与学科素养差距——基于PISA2018数据分析

The Gap between Household ICT Resource Investment and Subject Literacy—Based on PISA2018 Data Analysis

摘要: 教育信息化，作为教育领域的一项关键技术创新实践，构成了促进高质量教育资源广泛共享、有效缩小城乡教育鸿沟的坚实桥梁。家庭中的信息通信技术(ICT)资源不仅深刻影响着学生的教育成效，更成为推动青少年信息技术能力发展的核心动力之一。基于PISA (国际学生评估项目) 2018年的详实数据，本研究深入剖析了家庭ICT资源投入与学生在阅读、数学及科学学科学习成果之间的内在联系，以期揭示其对学生综合学业表现的积极影响。研究结果表明，家庭中拥有教育软件和互联网资源对学生学科素养的提升具有积极作用；然而，家庭若主要依赖平板电脑和电子阅读器作为学习工具，则可能对学生的学科素养产生不利影响；相比之下，是否拥有电脑或电子阅读器本身，并未显著影响学生的学科素养水平。据此提出三点政策启示：聚焦家校教育资源异步问题，共促学生全面发展、构建家庭数字教育资源综合服务与监测机制、强化家庭数字交互，提升信息素养与综合能力。

Abstract: Educational informatization, as a key technological innovation practice in the field of education, constitutes a solid bridge to promote the widespread sharing of high-quality educational resources and effectively narrow the urban-rural education gap. The information and communication technology (ICT) resources in the family not only profoundly affect the educational effectiveness of students, but also become one of the core driving forces for promoting the development of young people’s information technology abilities. Based on detailed data from PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) in 2018, this study deeply analyzes the intrinsic relationship between household ICT resource investment and students’ learning outcomes in reading, mathematics, and science subjects, in order to reveal its positive impact on students’ overall academic performance. The results show that having educational software and Internet resources in the family has a positive effect on the improvement of students’ discipline literacy; however, if families primarily rely on tablets and e-readers as learning tools, it may have a negative impact on students’ academic literacy; in contrast, the possession of a computer or e-reader itself did not significantly affect students’ academic literacy level. Based on this, three policy implications are proposed: focusing on the asynchronous problem of home school education resources, promoting students’ comprehensive development together, building a comprehensive service and monitoring mechanism for home digital education resources, strengthening home digital interaction, and enhancing information literacy and comprehensive abilities.