烧结气氛对锂离子电池富镍三元正极结构和性能的影响

Effect of Sintering Atmosphere on the Structure and Performance of Nickel-Rich Ternary Cathode for Lithium-Ion Batteries

摘要: 锂离子电池在为人们的日常生活带来极大便利的同时，其内在缺陷促使科研人员不断追求更低成本和更优性能的锂离子电池。本研究旨在对比在氧气与空气气氛下烧结的锂离子电池正极材料LiNi_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1O₂的性能。通过X射线衍射(XRD)技术分析样品的相结构与结晶性，利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察其微观形貌。此外，采用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)研究元素的化学状态及分布特征。电化学性能则通过循环伏安法(CV)和电池充放电测试进行评估。研究结果表明，在氧气气氛下烧结的LiNi_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1O₂样品展现出更优异的结晶性和均匀的颗粒形貌。电化学测试结果显示，该样品在高倍率充放电条件下具备更高的比容量和良好的循环稳定性。研究结果揭示了烧结气氛对材料结构与电化学性能的显著影响，为优化LiNi_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1O₂的合成工艺提供了重要的理论支持。

Abstract: Although lithium-ion batteries provide great convenience for people’s lives, their inherent short- comings have prompted researchers to continually seek lower-cost and higher-performance lithium-ion batteries. The aim of this study is to compare the performance of LiNi_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1O₂, a cathode material for lithium-ion batteries, sintered under oxygen and air atmospheres. The phase structure and crystallinity of the samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the microscopic morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to investigate the chemical states of the elements and their distribution characteristics. The electrochemical properties were evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and battery charge/discharge tests. The results show that the LiNi_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1O₂ sample sintered under oxygen atmosphere exhibits superior crystallinity and more uniform particle morphology. The electrochemical test results show that the sample has higher specific capacity and good cycling stability during high rate charge/discharge. The study reveals the significant influence of the sintering atmosphere on the structure and electrochemical properties of the material, which provides a theoretical basis for optimizing the synthesis process of LiNi_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1O₂.