惯习下的诗歌翻译译者主体性对比研究——以《我好似一朵流云独自漫游》郭沫若和杨德豫译本为例

A Comparative Study of the Translator’s Subjectivity of Poetry Translation under Habitus—Taking Guo Moruo’s and Yang Deyu’s Translation of I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud as an Example

摘要: 诗歌作为一门独特的文学形式，以简练而深刻的语言传达着诗人内心的情感，同时展现出特有的文化特征和诗意的情感流露。而诗歌独特的语言及表现形式对译者也是一种很大的挑战，诗歌的翻译最能展现译者主体性。英国浪漫主义诗人华兹华斯认为“所有的好诗都是强烈情感的自然流露”，《我好似一朵流云独自漫游》是华兹华斯抒情诗的代表作，蕴含写景和抒情。该文从布尔迪厄“惯习”出发，对《我好似一朵流云独自漫游》的郭沫若及杨德豫译本进行对比研究，阐述译者主体性在诗歌翻译中的体现，研究译者的惯习与翻译行为之间的关系，探讨惯习理论对译者主体性的塑造影响，为深入了解中国文学外译提供新的研究视角。

Abstract: Poetry, as a unique literary genre, expresses the author’s feelings in condensed language and embodies the specific cultural characteristics and the poet’s emotion. The unique language and form of expression of poetry is also a great challenge to the translator. The translation of poetry can best show the subjectivity of the translator. Wordsworth, an English romantic poet, believes that “all good poems are the spontaneous overflow of powerful emotion”. I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud is Wordsworth’s representative lyric poem, which contains scenery depiction and emotion expression. Under the guidance of Bourdieu’s habitus, this paper makes a comparative study of Guo Moruo’s and Yang Deyu’s versions of I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud, and expounds the embodiment of translator’s subjectivity in poetry translation. This study explores the relationship between translators’ habitus and their translation practices, examining how habitus theory shapes translator subjectivity. It aims to offer a new perspective for a deeper understanding of the translation of Chinese literature into foreign languages.