关于文化负载词的翻译——以日语“甘え”的汉译为例

Translation of Cultural-Loaded Words—A Case Study of the Chinese Translation of “Amae” in Japanese

摘要: 经济全球化的背景下，文化沟通与交流也日趋频繁。翻译则成为不同语言的国家之间交流的有效手段。而各国文化的差异，使得一些文化负载词的翻译也变得复杂和饱含争议。本研究以探索文化负载词翻译的最佳方式为目的，主要通过文献研究法和个案研究法，以日语中文化负载词“甘え”一词为例，简要介绍该文化负载词的内涵与意义，随后重点从读者角度出发，辨析该词几种汉译版本的优劣。最终以汉斯的目的论为依据，提出进行翻译活动时首先要慎重考虑自身的翻译目的。并且得出若要促进不同文化间的理解与交流，翻译文化负载词应以便于读者理解为目的的结论。

Abstract: In the context of economic globalization, cultural communication and exchange are becoming increasingly frequent. Translation has become an effective means of communication between countries of different languages. The cultural differences among different countries make the translation of some cultural-loaded words complex and controversial. The purpose of this study is to explore the best way to translate cultural-loaded words mainly through literature research and case study methods. This article takes the Japanese cultural-loaded word “Amae” as an example, briefly introducing its meaning, and then focusing on the readers’ perspective to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of several Chinese translations of the word. Based on Hans’s Skopos theory, it is proposed that the purpose of translation should be carefully considered when conducting translation activities. It is concluded that in order to promote understanding and communication between different cultures, the translation of culturally-loaded words should aim to facilitate the understanding of readers.