在对外汉语课堂中组织有效课堂讨论的思考

Reflections on Organizing Effective Classroom Discussions in Chinese as a Foreign Language Classrooms

摘要: 对外汉语教学包含着所有类型教学的共性，也具有其特殊的个性，正是由于各种各样的国家文化交织和碰撞，才让我们对这一类型的教学产生了更多的思考。而课堂讨论作为对外汉语教学课上的一个重点课堂活动，教师更应该对这一部分做出细致的设计，并能够与所学知识进一步的融合。因此，本文从教师角度入手，多方面考虑教师在讨论活动中的作用，使用理论与实践结合的方式给予教师更多思考空间。重点从讨论内容差异化、讨论形式多样化、讨论过程可变化、课堂实时可控化以及有效课堂多维化五个方面展开阐述，结合教学实际，并给出了一些活动安排的例子，力求有助于课堂讨论部分的教学效果提升。

Abstract: Chinese as a Foreign Language (CFL) teaching contains the commonality of all types of teaching and also has its special personality. It is precisely because of the interweaving and collision of various national cultures that makes us think more about this type of teaching. As a key classroom activity in Chinese as a Foreign Language (CFL) teaching, classroom discussion should be carefully designed by the teacher and further integrated with the acquired knowledge. Therefore, this paper starts from the teacher’s point of view, considers the teacher’s role in discussion activities from various aspects, and gives the teacher more space for thinking by combining theory and practice. It focuses on five aspects: differentiation of discussion content, diversification of discussion forms, changeable discussion process, real-time controllability of the classroom, and multidimensionalization of the effective classroom. Combined with the actual teaching practice, some examples of activity arrangements are given, which are intended to help improve the teaching effect of the classroom discussion part.