功能性近红外光谱学在偏头痛中的应用：进展和未来方向

Application of Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Migraine: Progress and Future Directions

摘要: 偏头痛是神经内科的一种常见疾病。原发性偏头痛在临床上较为常见，其特点是发作性的、多为单侧的、中度严重的搏动性头痛，通常持续4~72小时，可伴有恶心、呕吐，并可因声光刺激或日常活动而加重。偏头痛的发病机制是一种常见的慢性神经血管疾病，发病率为5%至10%，然而临床诊断率却远远低于发病率。偏头痛的诊断很复杂，这使得偏头痛的临床诊断非常困难。近红外脑功能成像(near-infrared functional brain imaging, fNIRS)因其自身安全、灵活、舒适、操作成本低等优势，越来越受到研究者的关注。它是一种非侵入性的功能成像方法，利用近红外光来测量大脑氧合血红蛋白(OxyHb)和脱氧血红蛋白(deOxyHb)浓度的变化，在临床上可以用这种技术来进行神经系统及相关血管疾病监测和诊断。

Abstract: Migraine is a common disorder in neurology. Primary migraine is clinically more common and is characterized by episodic, mostly lateral, moderately severe throbbing headaches that usually last 4~72 hours, may be accompanied by nausea and vomiting, and may be exacerbated by acoustic or visual stimuli or daily activities. The pathogenesis of migraine is a common chronic neurovascular disorder with a prevalence of 5% to 10%, yet the clinical diagnosis rate is much lower than the prevalence. The diagnosis of migraine is complex, which makes the clinical diagnosis of migraine very difficult. Near-infrared functional brain imaging is gaining attention from researchers due to its own advantages of safety, flexibility, comfort, and low operating costs. It is a non-invasive functional imaging method that utilizes near-infrared light to measure changes in the brain's oxygenated hemoglobin (OxyHb) and deoxyhemoglobin (deOxyHb) concentrations, another neurovascular disease that can be monitored and diagnosed with this technique.