生态翻译学视域下的中医翻译——以《伤寒杂病论》为例

Translation of Traditional Chinese Medicine from the Eco-Translatological Perspective—Taking “Treatise on Cold Pathogenic and Miscellaneous Diseases” as an Example

摘要: 中医学中包含了丰富的医疗理论和临床实践经验，是中华民族的瑰宝，也是世界医学宝库的重要组成部分。近年来对中医著作的译介成为学界的一大关注重点，而中医语言具有三大特点：一是语言简洁凝练、具有较高的信息熵；二是其中富含大量中国传统文化；三是中医大部分著作都是用古汉语撰写，而古汉语的语言结构又有别于现代汉语，这些特点在翻译时给译者造成了极大的障碍。针对中医语言的这三大特点笔者从生态翻译理论的语言维度、文化维度和交际维度出发，以《伤寒杂病论》戈尔德林(Гольдринг В.Г.)的俄译版本为研究对象，对其进行分析，试图提出具有可行性的翻译建议，并总结翻译时应当遵循的生态翻译原则，为相关研究提供借鉴。

Abstract: Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) contains a wealth of medical theories and clinical practice experiences, which is a treasure of the Chinese nation and an important part of the world’s medical treasury. In recent years, the translation of TCM writings has become a major focus of attention in the academic world. TCM language has three main characteristics: first, it is concise and has a high information entropy; second, it is rich in traditional Chinese culture; and third, most TCM works were written in ancient Chinese, and the language structure of ancient Chinese is different from modern Chinese. These characteristics pose a great obstacle to translators when translating. Aiming at the three main features of Traditional Chinese Medicine language, the author takes the Russian translation of Goldring’s (Гольдринг В.Г.) “Treatise on Cold Pathogenic and Miscellaneous Diseases” as an object of study from the linguistic, cultural and communicative dimensions of the ecological translation theory, analyses it, tries to put forward feasible translation suggestions, and sums up the principles of ecological translation that should be followed in the translation, so as to provide reference for the relevant research.