河南方言程度副词“恁”的历史演变

The Historical Evolution of the Degree Adverb “Nen” in Henan Dialect

摘要: 程度副词“恁”一般都被认为是“那么”的合音，但我们认为虽然二者演变相关，但并非直接合音而来。程度副词“恁”是由指示代词“恁”虚化而来，在这一演变过程中涉及“恁”与“那么”的词义虚化、同一语义场中词义相互影响的问题，也与人的认知机制相关。我们可以结合西方认知语义学的理论对“恁”词义演变的过程及原因进行阐释，这也为我们探索汉语方言语义演变提供了一条可行的路径。

Abstract: The adverb of degree “恁” is generally considered to be a phonetic blend of “那么” (nà me), but we believe that although the two are evolutionarily related, “恁” did not directly originate from a phonetic blend. Rather, the adverb of degree “恁” evolved from the demonstrative pronoun “恁”. This evolution involves the semantic bleaching of “恁” and “那么”, the mutual influence of meanings within the same semantic field, and is also related to human cognitive mechanisms. We can explain the process and reasons behind the semantic evolution of “恁” by combining theories from Western cognitive semantics, which also provides a feasible path for us to explore the semantic evolution of Chinese dialects.