立体交通枢纽改扩建关键技术

Key Technologies for the Reconstruction and Expansion of Stereoscopic Transportation Hubs

摘要: 截至2023年底，我国轨道交通运营里程已超过11,232 km。随着干线铁路、城际铁路、市域郊铁路和轨道交通四网融合的发展，高效便捷的立体交通枢纽改扩建建设迫在眉睫。然而，枢纽改扩建常面临着近接敏感性建筑物、特殊富水地层不易加固、枢纽内建造拆除工序复杂等问题，这些问题难以采用传统工法施工，制约立体枢纽的改造开发。文章从既有枢纽改扩建面临的地层多次扰动、结构变形协同、复杂立体力系转换三大技术难题出发，总结了精细化主动控制、空间复杂力系转换及补偿、自动伺服系统及智能化监测三大创新性技术。随着大数据和机器学习算法的不断发展，立体交通枢纽改扩建施工中需要朝着更加信息化、智能化、数字化、自动化的方向发展。

Abstract: By the end of 2023, the operational mileage of China’s rail transit system has surpassed 11,232 km. With the integration of mainline railways, intercity railways, suburban railways, and urban transit networks, the demand for efficient and convenient multi-layered transportation hub reconstruction and expansion has become urgent. However, hub reconstruction often faces challenges, such as the proximity to sensitive structures, difficulty in reinforcing complex water-rich geological formations, and the complexity of construction and demolition sequences within the hub. These challenges limit the feasibility of traditional construction methods and constrain the redevelopment of multi-layered transportation hubs. This paper addresses three technical challenges encountered in the reconstruction of existing hubs: repeated geological disturbances, structural deformation coordination, and complex multi-dimensional force system conversion. It summarizes three innovative technologies: refined active control, complex spatial force system conversion and compensation, and automatic servo systems with intelligent monitoring. As big data and machine learning algorithms continue to evolve, there is a need to incorporate more information-based, intelligent, digital, and automated developments into the construction of multi-layered transportation hub projects.