运动员返回抑制的特征分析

Characteristic Analysis of Athletes’ Inhibition of Return

摘要: 返回抑制是指当目标(靶子)再次出现在先前已经注意过的位置时，人们对其反应变慢的现象。返回抑制现象与运动员的技战术表现密切相关；在运动领域中对返回抑制的研究近年来逐渐深入并取得了许多进展。1) 运动员返回抑制的产生既基于位置也基于客体。2) 环境注意主导型运动员存在一定的抑制能力优势，其返回抑制出现时间更早且返回抑制的量大于普通人；专家型运动员较新手运动员返回抑制的量更大。3) 蹦床运动员返回抑制出现时间更晚，抑制能力较普通人更弱。4) 在不同的运动场景和任务中运动员返回抑制的表现可能有所不同。

Abstract: Inhibition of Return refers to the phenomenon where people’s response to a target slows down when it reappears in a previously noticed location. The phenomenon of return inhibition is closely related to the technical and tactical performance of athletes; In recent years, research on return inhibition in the field of athletes has gradually deepened and made significant progress. 1) The generation of athlete return inhibition is based on both location and object. 2) Environment-dominant attentional athletes have a certain advantage in inhibitory ability, with their return inhibition occurring earlier and the amount of return inhibition being greater than that of general college students; Expert athletes have a greater amount of return inhibition compared to novice athletes. 3) Trampoline athletes have a later onset of inhibition and weaker inhibition ability compared to ordinary people. 4) The performance of athlete return inhibition may vary in different sports scenarios and tasks.