东北方言泛义动词“整”和“搞”的语义对比

A Semantic Comparison of the Generalized Verbs “整” and “搞” in Northeastern Dialects

摘要: 在东北方言中，“整”和“搞”是两个很常见的泛义动词，具有广泛的用途和较高的使用频率。本文主要从语义方面进行对比，让大家更好地了解东北方言泛义动词的使用特色。对二者语义特征的对比发现，“整”有[−重大]、[−正式]的语义特征，“搞”有[+重大]、[+正式]的语义特征；“搞”更加正式，而“整”的口语色彩、方言色彩更浓，使用频率也更高。在相同点上，二者都能表达“处置”义、“动作”义、“取得”义，有时可以互换，且二者都对语境有强依赖性。

Abstract: In the Northeastern dialect, “整” and “搞” are two very common generalized verbs with a wide range of uses and a high frequency of use. In this paper, we mainly compare them semantically, so that we can have a better understanding of the characteristics of the use of generalized verbs in Northeastern dialect. The comparison of their semantic features reveals that “整” has the semantic features of [−significant] and [−formal], while “搞” has the semantic features of [+significant] and [+formal]; “搞” is more formal, while “整” is more colloquial, more dialectal, and more frequently used. On the same point, both of them can express the meaning of “disposition”, “action”, “obtain”, sometimes interchangeable, and both of them have strong dependence on the context.